Acid
Reflux
Also Known as
GERD or Heartburn
Also see Acid
Reflux Treatment, Prevention and Relief
What Is Acid Reflux?
Acid reflux, which is known medically as
gastroesophageal reflux disease or GERD and is often called
"heartburn" by the general public, occurs when liquid content
of the stomach back up into the esophagus. This liquid contains
stomach acid which can irritate and inflame the tissue of the
esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the esophagus in the
chest area near the heart: thus the name "heartburn."
When acid from the stomach backs up in this way, it is
described as "reflux."
The liquid might also contain a a digestive
enzyme called pepsin, or in some cases, even bile from the
duodenum (the area where the stomach attaches to the small
intestine). These may have a role in causing acid reflux,
although it is believed to be a lesser role.
A certain amount of reflux occurs in almost
everyone at one time or another. But those who suffer from
GERD, the refluxed liquid contains a higher level of acid. The
reflux also reaches a high level in the esophagus, covering
(and possibly damaging) a larger area of tissue.
GERD is a considered to be a chronic condition,
although treatment and preventive steps may reduce its
severity.
During the day, the effects of acid reflux are
less likely to occur. When a person is standing upright, or
sitting, any reflux is likely to be carried back to the stomach
quickly by gravity. Swallowing also carries saliva down the
esophagus (saliva contains a natural bicarbonate which helps
neutralize acid). Therefore acid reflux is more likely to occur
when a person is asleep: gravity isn't a factor because the
body is usually in a horizontal position, and swallowing stops.
Therefore, refluxed liquid stays in the esophagus for a longer
time.
Find out more about stopping acid
reflux now
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A person is more susceptible to acid reflux under certain
conditions.
Pregnancy. Elevated hormone levels trigger
lower the pressure in the lower esophageal sphincter, which is
the "valve" that keeps stomach acid from backing up into the
esophagus.
Certain diseases. Anyone who has a condition
that weakens the esophageal muscles (like scleroderma or mixed
connective tissue diseases) is more likely to develop GERD.
Related article: Acid
Reflux Treatment, Prevention and Relief
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