Thyroid

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Thyroid Basics

The thyroid is an important endocrine gland found in the throat region at approximately the top of the shoulders. It has several lobes in a butterfly shape that look somewhat like a shield. In fact, the word "thyroid" derives from the Greek word for shield. 

The thyroid is one of the largest endocrine glands in the body. It controls or affects multiple functions, including

  • how quickly the body burns energy,
  • the body's sensitivity to other hormones,
  • regulating metabolism and metabolic processes, and
  • making proteins.

The thyroid also affects the growth and rate of function of many other systems.

 

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Thyroid Problems and Disorders

The most common problems that affect the thyroid are

  • Hyperthyroidism or overactive thyroid
  • Hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid

Other thyroid problems include goiter and thyroid cancer.

Thyroid problems can be unpleasant or uncomfortable, but most can be managed adequately when properly diagnosed and treated.



For more information, see

Thyroid problems and diseases

Overactive thyroid, or hyperthyroidism

Underactive thyroid, or hypothyroidism

Thyroid cancer




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